WEBVTT 00:00:15.285 --> 00:00:25.625 Welcome to this presentation from Divine Mercy University on the implications of a Catholic Christian meta model of the person for counseling and psychotherapy. 00:00:26.965 --> 00:00:32.200 To begin, please notice that this is not the Catholic Christian meta model of the person. 00:00:32.740 --> 00:00:48.315 This is a particular meta model developed at the Divine Mercy University that integrates Catholic Christian philosophy and theology with the human sciences, such as the social, behavioral, psychological, and counseling sciences. 00:00:49.415 --> 00:01:04.530 This meta model has a specific focus looking at the practice of counseling and psychological services, all based on a very broad understanding rooted in sacred scripture and the tradition and teaching of the church on the person. 00:01:05.070 --> 00:01:18.505 For this presentation, we will use the terms counseling and psychotherapy interchangeably with a focus on their foundational meaning of a healing relationship between a health care provider and client. 00:01:20.165 --> 00:01:23.145 What do we mean by the term meta model? 00:01:23.600 --> 00:01:29.540 Is this Catholic Christian meta model of a person another personality theory or counseling model? 00:01:30.080 --> 00:01:37.700 Will this meta model tell me exactly how to work with someone in counseling or when providing psychological services? 00:01:39.345 --> 00:01:43.845 Let us begin with the very simple question of what is a model? 00:01:45.025 --> 00:01:48.485 We have all seen different physical models of a real object. 00:01:49.025 --> 00:01:56.250 Here we have a drawing or diagram of a V six engine and a picture of a real V six engine. 00:01:56.790 --> 00:02:07.610 As you look at the diagram, you'll notice that it provides details of certain parts of the V six engine and the connection or relationship between different parts. 00:02:08.495 --> 00:02:21.075 Models can help us to better understand what makes an engine work and are often used to teach aspects of an engine that is hard to comprehend through words or just looking at the outside of an engine. 00:02:21.810 --> 00:02:35.750 In addition, a model can even help us to develop or transform an engine into a more powerful engine, a smaller engine with the same amount of power or an engine that produces less pollution. 00:02:36.965 --> 00:02:44.745 Models help us in the same way with various aspects of reality, including understanding and helping people. 00:02:46.165 --> 00:02:52.390 We must always remember that models are just models, not the reality they describe. 00:02:53.650 --> 00:03:00.390 Models are outside of the reality they describe and are never a perfect one to one correspondence with reality. 00:03:01.410 --> 00:03:07.365 However, the better the model, the more it corresponds to the reality it is describing. 00:03:09.025 --> 00:03:19.350 Here's a drawing and engineering design of the Golden Gate Bridge with a proposed second level for traffic, which has never happened. 00:03:20.850 --> 00:03:27.030 The truthfulness of a model is how well it accurately describes or is consistent with reality. 00:03:28.025 --> 00:03:35.325 The helpfulness, heuristic value of a model is how well it enables one to transform reality. 00:03:36.265 --> 00:03:43.630 When you looked at the drawing and engineering design of the Golden Gate Bridge, it was not very truthful. 00:03:44.170 --> 00:03:47.870 This isn't how the Golden Gate Bridge looks, period. 00:03:48.650 --> 00:03:57.150 However, it could be quite helpful if it was ever decided to build a second level for the bridge. 00:03:58.725 --> 00:04:07.625 To better understand this concept of a model being both truthful and helpful, we will look at two different personality assessments. 00:04:08.565 --> 00:04:23.200 Both are based on the lexical approach or model of taxonomical research that states that key or important personality characteristics will become a part of human language and coalesce into single words. 00:04:23.980 --> 00:04:41.845 For example, the personality trait and virtue of self control as a characteristic of human functioning, which is clearly evident in the literature and as a word has a richness that describes a multifaceted component of humans. 00:04:42.770 --> 00:04:55.190 The sixteen fifth edition is based on the work of Raymond Cattell and others using a statistical technique called factor analysis to determine the major traits of human personality. 00:04:55.965 --> 00:05:00.385 Thus the name 16 or personality factor. 00:05:01.165 --> 00:05:16.180 The NEO Personality Inventory, Revised, is based on a five factor model of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, and thus the NEO, and then agreeableness and conscientiousness. 00:05:17.200 --> 00:05:33.455 The 16 is a bottom up model with a focus on the 16 personality factors, while the NEO is a top down model based on the five domains that can be divided to 30 different facet scales. 00:05:34.955 --> 00:05:44.110 You will notice the overlap with the 16 and the NEO with their top level domains, but they are not exactly the same. 00:05:44.970 --> 00:05:48.990 They each emphasize different aspects of human functioning. 00:05:50.010 --> 00:06:02.845 Can you see the difference between those two just looking at those top five descriptions of their models about human personality? 00:06:04.105 --> 00:06:06.205 Which one is the best tool to use? 00:06:06.860 --> 00:06:08.960 Which one is based on the best model? 00:06:09.420 --> 00:06:12.800 Which model really does best describe human personality? 00:06:13.740 --> 00:06:20.080 Which one has the most truthfulness and how well it corresponds with the reality of human personality? 00:06:20.955 --> 00:06:28.575 Which model best helps us to understand and help an individual with personal problems and personality disorders? 00:06:29.595 --> 00:06:31.695 This debate continues in the field. 00:06:32.235 --> 00:06:41.370 It is a debate about models of human personality, statistical research, and lexical taxonomical research. 00:06:43.030 --> 00:06:44.330 What are your models? 00:06:45.030 --> 00:06:50.890 All of us have models of how we think people function and what they need to do to change. 00:06:51.975 --> 00:06:56.475 How do you know whether your model is true and helpful for your client? 00:06:57.175 --> 00:07:04.395 You will learn more about models and developing a habit of evidential reasoning throughout the program.